Wool Felt Characteristics
Compressed wool felt belongs among the oldest textile materials used by the majority of industries for various purposes.
Wool felt has a textile structure consisting of fibres that are permanently entangled and unified according to the degree of automation, chemical influence, and moisture used, without applying knitting, weaving, stitching, heat sealing, or gluing.
Wool felt can be created from exclusively from one type of wool fibre, or as a blend of new and recycled wool fibres mixed with artificial fibres, vegetable fibres, etc.
Characteristics of waves
- wool absorbs 40% of water and 100% of moisture (e.g. wool absorbs sweat well)
- hydrophobic and hydrophilic qualities
- best absorbency in comparison with other fibres
- fire resistant, will not melt
- ignition point of 600°C
- decomposing ability
- renewable material
Environmental protection and the impact of wool on the Environment
Wool felt is a traditional material in the history of humankind. It is safe for the environment, with the possibility of biological disposal, with a special focus on environmental improvement and healthy fauna and flora. Wool felt products are good examples of ecological industrialisation.
Raw wool blending
Raw wool of a required quality is evenly manually mixed. In felt manufacturing, wool fibres with a diameter from 22 to 28 microns are normally used. Blend felt means that the raw wool is mixed with artificial fibres according to the ratio requested.
Opening
Wool fibres are open and divided according to their utilisation by a wool opening machine. Spikes and wires on this machine help to untangle the wool fibres.
Carding
Wool fibres are carded and straightened on a carding machine. This machine contains cylinders covered with wire clothing. The cylinders rotate in opposite directions and function as a comb for the wool threads.
Layer forming
Separate layers of wool fibres are placed layer by layer on a working table. The number of layers depends on their thickness and felt density.
Milling
This process is done with the help of a milling machine, and serves to entangle all layers of wool fibres into one piece using moisture.
Strenghtening
Continuous pressing is used depending on the firmness, so that the required density is achieved.
Mangling
Felt straps are processed by electrically heated cylinders, so that the felt is evenly thick throughout the felt sheet.
Wrapping
Felt straps are then cut and die-cut according to the customers’ needs, then they are rolled. Finally, the felt is properly wrapped in plastic foil.
